- VT = Ventricular tachycardia
- Afib = Atrial fibrillation
- AVRT = Atrioventricular reentry tachy
- AVNRT= Nodal AVRT
- RBBB = Right bundle branch block
- LBBB = Left bundle branch block
- WPW = Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
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This quiz contains several brief medical histories and their matching ECGs. For each question, you should check between 0 to 4 diagnoses. If the blood pressure is not specified, it means that it is in the normal range.
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Woke up with central oppressive chest pain which are increase with deep inspiration and when lying on the back.
Oppressive left lateral chest pain for 5 hours and impression sleeping left arm. BP 177/95 mmHg. Nitroglycerin spray has some effect on the pain.
This patient has diabetes, has an history of previous myocardial infarction and complains of dyspnea and chills. Temperature 39°C
The difference between atrial fibrillation (A-fib) and atrial flutter (A-flutter), is clinically relevant because typical flutter can easily be treated by radiofrequency ablation. A-fib and atypical A-flutter requires more expertise and radiofrequency ablation has lower success rate.
Atrial flutter:
Atrial rate ca. 300 bpm (200-400 bpm) with a heart rate typically ca. 150 bpm.
The difference between atrial fibrillation (A-fib) and atrial flutter (A-flutter), is clinically relevant because typical flutter can easily be treated by radiofrequency ablation. A-fib and atypical A-flutter requires more expertise and radiofrequency ablation has lower success rate.
Atrial flutter:
Atrial rate ca. 300 bpm (200-400 bpm) with a heart rate typically ca. 150 bpm.
Former smoker with hypertension. He woke up this morning with a tingling sensation in both arms. No chest pain. BP 210/93 mmHg. Symptoms disappear completely after nitro spray.
Smoker with hypertension and high cholesterol. Shortness of breath over the last few weeks, recurrent stabbing retrosternal chest pain.
Active smoker. After this patient woke up, suddent onset of severe chest pain on the left lateral region of the chest and between the shoulder blades.
Anterior STEMI! This patient’s LAD was occluded. Inferior Q waves are not significant.
Anterior STEMI! This patient’s LAD was occluded. Inferior Q waves are not significant.
Young patient with one hour of palpitation, mild chest oppression and discrete shortness of breath and dizziness. Has had several similar episodes among the last few years.
Smoker. Two episodes with typical chest pain. The patient goes to his GP and receives nitroglycerin spray with some effect.
Previously healthy woman with a presyncope. Had a “unquiet heart” over the last 50 years but has never been properly investigated.
Known with diabetes, ischemic heart disease and COPD. Increasing shortness of breath. Known with daily intermittent chest pain.
CABG 15 years ago. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation 1 month ago. Severe chest pain and shortness of breath for one hour, palor and cold sweats. BP 160/90 mmHg.
Previously healthy. 1 ½ hours with strong, oppressive retorsternal chest pain and dyspnea. Good effect of nitroglycerin given prehospitaly. Pale and clammy skin. Has usually a normal ECG.
History of prior CABG. Known with left bundle branch block. 3 days with shortness of breath, cough and fever. Normal BP.
Previously healthy patient. Chest pain for several days radiating to the neck and left arm. Distinct worsening for 30 minutes.
Former smoker with hypertension and atrial fibrillation. Cardiac arrest with VF. CPR 3 minutes. Defibrillated to this ECG.
Former smoker patient with a family history of cardiovascular disease. Over the last few days, he had intermittent pricking sensation in the chest. Marked deterioration one hour ago with the pain radiating now to the neck.
This patient had nausea when he woke up this morning but he has now severe chest pain which started an hour ago.
CABG in 2003. Chest pain since yesterday. The pain is aggravating after he had been working with a showel in the snow.
There is diffuse concave non-significant ST elevation which could indicate pericarditis.
There is diffuse concave non-significant ST elevation which could indicate pericarditis.
Known with ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation and pacemaker. This afternoon onset of malaise, coughing, chest pain localized in the left side and neck pain. A bit of dyspnea as well.
Known to have hypertension and being a former smoker. Acute onset of oppressive chest pain that radiates to his jaw.